Paper making



April 27 1926. 1,582,838

' w. A. LORENZ PAPER MAKING Ori ginal Filed Oct. 15 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig 2 f4 45 36 50 ----lo \I I Inventor: IIZZZz'am A,Z0re72z April 27,1926.

W. A. LORENZ PAPER MAKING 3 Shgets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Oct. 19, 1920 Inventor: Wz'Zh'am Aiiorenz Patented Apr. 27, 1926.

; UNITED STATES,

rPATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. LOBENZj OF HARTFORD, connncrrour, nssrenon 'ro THE cram r'nnmc COMPANY, on HARTFORD, connncrrcu'r, A conronamon or comc'rrcua'.

- PAPER MAKING.

.lpplicatlon filed October 19, 1920, Serial No. 417,920. Renewed Kay 28, 1925.

a simple, etficient and inexpensive apparatus for the purpose.

It has beenthe practice to unwind a web.

of paper from a supply roll, first wetting it to make it workable, and then crinkling it in transverse lines by the use of a doctor blade; suitable means being also used for corrugating the web longitudinally, whereby l it is reduced in width by the gathering. Difficulties arise in moisteningthe paper, the process is relatively slow and expensive, and

weak spots or rupturesare apt .to develop in the product, which is considerably weaker than the original paper. According to the present improvements, paper pulp is delivered to an apparatus by which the steps of producing the paper are performed, the pulp entering in a wet condition, and, during its progress through the machine, being deprived of much of its moisture and assuming a' sheet or web form. At this stage the web may be deprived of worked. It is then preferably passed between forming rolls which. have peripheral the grooves in the companion roll. As the sheet has not reached the condition of finished paper, it is still moist and therefore relatively soft and plastic so that it maystretch slightly laterally, in yielding to the The paper then passes on to a doctor blade, by which;it is transversely crinkled and stripped from the machine; and the paper may then pass to a drying apparatus.

A. LORENZ,-

produein'g gathered paper, to simplify theoperations,to' reduce the cost, and to produce more moisture by pressure applied thereto -until its dampness is reduced to the point. where it is in suitable conditionfor being grooves, the ridges in one roll meshing with remains in the substance.

Thus in place of the roundabout method 55 of first finishing a roll of paper, then wetting it to render it workable, and then gathering it, whereby the paper is weakened, it will be seen that according to this invention the paper is originally produced in a gathered 5 condition, the gathering being effected before the paper is completed and while its ma.-

terial is being converted frpm pulp form to paper form. The production is expedited and cheapen'ed. Moreover the fibres are set 5 only once, i. e., in their crinkled or gathered condition. thus improving the product.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear. I In the accompanying diagrammatic drawings,

Figure 1 is a plan of a machine for producing corrugated and wrinkled paper.

Figure 2 is a part-sectional side elevation taken about the line 2 of Figure 1. 7 Figure 3is a form of the invention in which the web in its corrugatedcondition is partially dried before being crinkled; the partial drying of the web tending to improve the subsequent crinkling thereof, and 8 to make the finished paper more elastic.

Figure 4 is a. plan of the devices seen at Figure 3.

An apparatus 10 is illustrated of the Fourdrinier type, having a container 11 for 35 paper pulp 12, which is delivered from the container at 13 in a continuous stream, and

passes over an apron or felts 14 onto a Faurdrinier wire-bed 15; the pulp being confined between deckle-straps 16 placed at the sides of the wire-bed, whereby the width of the product is limited; j the pulp. now existing as a wet web '17. Water drops from the pulp through, the Fourdrinier wire 15, and water is also extracted from the pulp bymeans of a suction box. 18, having a perforated to 19 over which the pulp-web passes. Sai web; then passes between power-driven rolls 20, 21, which press out more watery and tend to continue the process of reducing the pul to the condition of paper. The pulp we I is then sufficiently strong to be delivered to corrugating or fluting action of the rolls. by

a carrying belt or apron 22, whereby it is led between pressure rolls 23, 24, which press out a large portion of the water that still While only a single pair of rolls is illustrated, it will be understood that they are intended to represent a' set of pressing or felting rolls,

whether consisting of one or more pairs.

. shown) to the power shafts 26 of the introductory portion of the apparatus.

The moist web by this time is nearly in the condition of finished paper, as at 27, and is led from the upper pressure roll 23 over 28, which is one of a pair of forming rolls, the other being seen at 29. Each of these rolls has a succession of peripheral grooves 30, to mesh with ribs 31 on the companion roll, so that the moist web is squeezed into a longitudinally Corrugated condition between the rolls as seen at 32, Figure 1. The web need not be narrowed by this corrugating op eration, becauseit is soft as it leaves the pressure rolls at 27, and may slightly stretch without rupturing or injury. Preferably the rolls 28, 29 are connected by gears 33, 34. Gear 33may be connected by a train of pinions 35 to gear 25. The grooved rolls 28, 29' may 'be either finely or coarsely corrugated 'c-r grooved, according to the thickness of the web of paper being manufactured or as may be desired for other reasons. It will be understood that to have the web in a wet state, as it is about to be corrugated, is a substantial advantage, particularly as the fibres have not at this time ever set or felted in a dry, unyielding permanent condition. The plasticity of the substance renders it capable of being slightly stretchable laterally by the corrugating rolls without rupturing it or forming weak spots or lines therein, and, for this reason, the paper, when finished and dried, is integral and strong. Said corrugated rolls 28, 29, may, if desired, be depended upon to impart the final pressure to the substance that is required to reduce it from pulp to paper, or to finally compact it.

The wet :web of corrugated paper contin ues. around the under side of roll 29, and as it rises around the same, it impinges against a doctor blade 36, which crinkles it and also strips it from said cylinder; the paper falling from the doctor blade at 37 upon a de I livery belt 38, by which it is preferably conveyed to the mouth 39 of a drying apparatus, comprising .a' heated closet 40 having rolls 41 from which the drying web hangs in loops.

The doctor blade 36 is scalloped or corrugated to -mesh with or fit the alternate grooves and ridges in the roll 29. Thewet web, by reasonof' its having been pressed .into thegrooves in said-roll 29. adheres-to '.the surface of the roll sufficientlyto enable thelatter to advance. and cr ush the web f'against thejd'octorblade, to formthe desired cross crinkling;...' At Figure11, the longitudi- .:'.-nal-*corrngetionsaresindieated at- -andjthe crinkling at 43; the lines of crinkling extending transversely of the web and forming zigzags due to the crinkling of the web after it has been corrugated.

The doctor blade 36 is preferably held against the surface of the grooved roll 29 by means of a counterweight 44, carried upon an arm 45, which is-connected to a transverse horizontal rock shaft 46, upon which the blade 36 is mounted. The pressure of the blade against the roll depends upon the weights 44, and the latter may be adj ustable along the arm 45 to regulate the pressure of the blade. The delivery apparatus 38 may be provided with a heating device 47, to partially dry the crinkled web before it is delivered to the heated oven. Any other suitable means may be employed for drying the paper.

Referring now to Figures 3 and 4, the wet web as it leaves the pressure rolls 23, 24 is passed along by conveyor 22 to a power-driven roll 48., having peripheral grooves 30 and ribs 31 meshing with corresponding ribs and grooves on a power-driven drum 49, against which the damp web is forced by the roll 48, thereby corrugating the web, as seen at 50. The drum 49 is heated by steam or otherwise, the steam entering through a pipe 49*, so as to partially dry the corrugated web, thereby giving it a partial set and also improving the subsequent transverse crinkling action. If desired, the web may be held to the drum by means of an endless belt or belts 51, running over suitable rolls 52 and carrying the corrugated web around in contact with the larger part of the circumference of the drum. The web is urged forwardly by the belt and drum against a doctor blade 53, which is .fiuted to fit the grooves in the drum 49, and crinkles the grooved paper transversely, stripping the same from the drum as at 54, after which it is led away upon a delivery belt 55. The doctor blade is pressed against the drum by means of weights 56, adjustable along arins 57, mounted upon a rock shaft 58 to which the doctor blade 53 is fixed. The belt 51 holds the drying and therefore stifi'ening paper snugly against the drum, so that it is crushed against the doctor blade with sufficient force to produce the required crinkling.- The delivery belt 55 may carry the paper to a drying apparatus of any suitable kind, as, for instance, that shown in Figure 2.

It will be understood that the web may be led directly from the belt 22 to the crinkling drum 49. as at Figure 3,'or .-may be delivered to the cylinders 28 and 29, as at Figure. 2, and that the crinkling drum 49 with its belt and appurtenances may occupy the position which is occupied by the. cylinder- 29, at EiQ'l TQI I Var on myb rqtt dt hith fith .s sp i tthe ierentien. e d-29 12 1 1 5 at 'crinkling the corrugated web transversely throughout its corrugations while it still retains moisture.

2. The process of forming longitudinally corrugated paper, comprising reducing pulp.

to the condition of a moist web and rolling corrugations into the web'while the latter retains sufiicient moisture to stretch laterally as the corrugations are formed therein, crinkling the corrugated web transversely throughout its corrugations while it still retains moisture, and. then drying the web to complete the productionof the paper 3. The herein-described apparatus, co-nrprising means forreducing pulp to the condition of a moist web, means -for rolling corrugations in the moist web,-' means for crinkling the corrugated web throughout its corrugations while still moist, and means for drying the v web to complete making the paper. I v I 4. The herein-described apparatus comprising means to supply pulp, means to extract water from the pulp and form, it into a web, rolls to press the web, forming rolls through which the web passes and by which it is finally compacted, and meansfo'r crinkling the web transversely throughout its corrugations.

5. The herein-described apparatus comprising means to supply pulp, means to extract water from the pulp and form it into a web, rolls to press the Web, forming rolls through which the web passes and by which it is finally compacted, and means for crinkling the web transversely throughout its corrugations, said crinkling means comprisinga cylinder and a toothed or scalloped doctor-blade against which the web is carried by the cylinder, whereby the web is crinkled and stripped fromthe cylinder.

6. The herein-described apparatus comprising means to supply pulp, means to extract water from the pulp and form it into a web, rolls to'press the web, corrugated forming rolls through which the web passes and by which it is finally compacted, means for crinkling the web transversely throughout its, corrugations, and means to dry the Web to' complete the reduction of the pulp to paper.

. 7. The combination of means for reducing pulp to the form of a moist web, rolls for pressing water from the web, cooperative peripherally grooved rolls for 'corrugating' the Web longitudinally, and adoctor-blade fitting in thegrooves of one of said grooved rolls toico-operate therewith and to crinkle the paper and strip it from the rolls.

8. The combination of means to reduce pulp to-the condition of a moist web, means for pressing the greater part of the water from the web, means'for' longitudlnally corrugatmg. the moist web, means connected to which the web is delivered.

, 9. The combination of means to supplypulp, means to extract water from the pulp and form it into a web, oorrugating rolls through which the web passes and by which it is compacted, a doctor-blade to co-operate with one of the corrugating rolls to crinkle the paper transversely, heating means for the roll having the doctor-blade, and an,

endless belt to run around said roll and hold the web against the same and carry the web towards the doctor-blade.

10. The processof forming paper. com- 3 prising reducing pulp to the condition of a moist web, deforming the Web transversely while the latter retains an initial moisture,

' and then crinkling the web while retaining moisture.

WILLIAM A LORENZ. 

